Croatian Grammar HandbookA1–C1
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Phonetics & Alphabet•Раздел
Croatian Alphabet (Abeceda)
A1 – C1 Theory
The Alphabet
Croatian uses the Latin alphabet with 30 letters. Each letter corresponds to exactly one sound — Croatian spelling is fully phonetic. There are no silent letters.
| Letter | Name | Sound (IPA) | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| A a | a | /a/ | auto (car) |
| B b | be | /b/ | brat (brother) |
| C c | ce | /ts/ | cesta (road) |
| Č č | če | /tʃ/ | čovjek (person) |
| Ć ć | će | /tɕ/ | ćevapi (ćevapi) |
| D d | de | /d/ | dan (day) |
| Dž dž | dže | /dʒ/ | džem (jam) |
| Đ đ | đe | /dʑ/ | đak (pupil) |
| E e | e | /e/ | Europa (Europe) |
| F f | ef | /f/ | film (film) |
| G g | ge | /ɡ/ | grad (city) |
| H h | ha | /x/ | hvala (thanks) |
| I i | i | /i/ | ime (name) |
| J j | je | /j/ | jabuka (apple) |
| K k | ka | /k/ | kuća (house) |
| L l | el | /l/ | lijep (beautiful) |
| Lj lj | elj | /ʎ/ | ljubav (love) |
| M m | em | /m/ | more (sea) |
| N n | en | /n/ | nebo (sky) |
| Nj nj | enj | /ɲ/ | njega (him) |
| O o | o | /o/ | otac (father) |
| P p | pe | /p/ | pas (dog) |
| R r | er | /r/ | riba (fish) |
| S s | es | /s/ | sunce (sun) |
| Š š | eš | /ʃ/ | škola (school) |
| T t | te | /t/ | tata (dad) |
| U u | u | /u/ | ulica (street) |
| V v | ve | /ʋ/ | voda (water) |
| Z z | ze | /z/ | zemlja (earth) |
| Ž ž | že | /ʒ/ | žena (woman) |
Special Letters
Croatian has several unique letters: Č, Ć, Đ, Dž, Lj, Nj, Š, Ž. The digraphs Dž, Lj, Nj are each considered single letters. Č vs Ć: Č is a 'hard' ch (like English 'church'), while Ć is a 'soft' ch (palatalized, similar to Italian 'ci').
Čovjek je dobar.The person is good.
Noć je lijepa.The night is beautiful.
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